Faculty of Social Sciences

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APPRAISING INDIA’S ROLE IN UNITED NATIONS PEACE KEEPING OPERATION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF SOUTH SUDAN
(Assumption University-eJournal of Interdisciplinary Research (AU-eJIR), 2017) Omede, Jolade; Ngwube, Arinze; Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
India has long invested in promoting goodwill among African states by participating in United Nations Peace keeping operations. India is the third largest contributor of personnel to UN peacekeeping operations and has contributed to various missions across the world including in Somalia, Mozambique, Angola, Sierra Leone, and more recently, the Democratic Republic of Congo and South Sudan. As part of a broader push to build stronger ties to African countries, India has redoubled its commitment to peacekeeping efforts over the past decade, and in the views of many in the UN peacekeeping system, the capacity of Indian peacekeepers makes them essential to any peacekeeping effort on the continent. India also possess the capacity to provide well trained troops who are accustomed to operating in a diverse array of terrain. In addition, the paper will assess India’s strategy of using peacekeeping as a tool of foreign policy. This paper will assess the role of India in the South Sudan Crisis. The paper’s source of data will be essentially secondary involving books, journals; articles on the subject matter under review.
BACKDOOR POLITICS: PERMITTING INFORMALITY FOR FORMAL DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICAN DEMOCRACIES
(2020) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
The backdoor politics is a general term behind the study of effective and responsible public policy from the perspective of informal political processes. The study analyses informal input determinants that affect responsible public politics. The methodology utilises data from the Afrobarometer database, assessing three countries in Africa, from the east, west and southern parts – Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa, respectively. The starting point of this methodology is that policy is responsible and effective if it integrates formal and informal decision-making processes and decision implementation
BENUE VALLEY JOURNAL OF HERDER-FARMER CRISIS
(Catholic Diocese of Makurdi Foundation for Justice, Development and Peace (FJDP), 2020-04) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
Violence has the chance of escalating whenever the parties involved attain extreme ideologies and have access to weapons. Several crises in the world started with unabated localised violence.This violence becomes sustained when political powers are used against one group as opposed to other groups. The violence can take a new turn of sustenance whenever religion and ethnic cognitions and colorations are given to the crises. This study focuses on the theoretical construct of radicalisation of pastoralists and farmers in sustained violence in Nigeria. The variables of access to weapons, political power, economic interest, religious bigotry and ethnic chauvinism are related together to see how violence becomes radicalised using the violence between pastoralists and farmers in Nigeria as a case study. The game theory and tyre burning
E-Governance and Corruption Impasse in Nigeria: A Developmental Expedition Synopsis
(E-Governance and Corruption Impasse in Nigeria, 2018) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu; Temitope Aderinola, Gabriel
E-governance is a technological innovation that brings governance to the fore of integrity and accountability. It requires high technological commitment so as to bring the government closer to the people. Corruption on the other hand is a bane to growth and development in any country. E-governance is a corrective measure to corruption which prevents government officials from shady activities due to its transparency nature. The connection between e-governance and corruption is analyzed in this chapter, and Nigeria is selected as a case study in developing countries. The chapter concludes on the premise that e-governance reduces the strength of corruption in any country and more investment is needed to enhance this development.
Entangled in the “New World Order”: Africa’s (In-) Security Quandaries and Prospects
(African Books Collective, 2018) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
GANG VIOLENCE IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF THE ILORIN SPECIES
(2018) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu; Mu’awiyya, Abdullahi; Ogundare, Yemi D.; Olorunsuwa, Ola; Sayuti, Usman; Iyau, Mbah; Humphrey C., Nwaorgu; Oyewole, Samuel
There is an epidemic of youth gang violence in many part of world today especially in post colonial states. Gang members kill each other and committing atrocities sporadically at rates that negate the notion of tranquillity formally enjoyed in these areas. This paper provides an overview of the current situation in Ilorin the capital of Kwara State Nigeria. It describes the major pathways to violent gang involvement for Ilorin youth and goes on to validate deprivation theory. It advocate for a shift to a public good approach that addresses the pathways to gang violence, and describes or formulate some evidence-based models that have great value in solving gang violence. The conclusion premised on is that a failure to act now will result in things getting much worse very shortly since the indigenous Ilorin population growth rate is exploding and the population “at risk” in many areas will double within the next decade.
Interrogating Voting Patterns in Nigeria's Legislative Elections Under the Fourth Republic
(2021) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu; Aliu, Fatima Omotayo; Adebiyi, Oluwashina Moruf
The Judiciary and Justice Delivery in Nigeria
(Nigerian Political Science Association, 2019-07) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
Democracies all over the world have various arms of government with different roles to play in other to ensure the growth and development of such country. The judiciary arm of government is saddled with some peculiar responsibilities which is mainly to interpret the law. Within the confinement of the law, the judiciary in its various hierarchies is expected to deliver certain services to the general public in Nigeria. These services are delivered mainly through the court processes among others. Therefore, has the judiciary in Nigeria live up to its constitutional responsibilities to the satisfaction of the greatest number of Nigerians? To this extent, the research objective driving this study is to assess the role of the judiciary in justice delivery in Nigeria. The System theory framework is adopted to explain the importance of balancing the input and the output of the judiciary arm of government so as to be able to deliver justice to all Nigerians. Qualitative research method is adopted. This study concludes that the judiciary’s role in justice delivery is crucial to the sustenance of democracy in Nigeria and it must not be impeded.
NIGERIA'S 2015 ELECTIONS: Permanent voter's cards, smart card readers and security challenges.
(JOURNAL OF AFR1CAN ELECTiONS, 2016) Aremu, Fatai Ayinde; Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
Voting time in any democracy always involves rigorous politicking. The electioneering exercise in developed democracies tends to have less tension in the polity than in many developing democracies which do witness some hitches, mainly in issues of procedure and security. However, these problems reduce with every subsequent election. Nigeria's 2015 general elections were no exception to such improvements as there were innovations in the Anti Electoral Fraud Procedures (AEFP). The research in this work questions the extent to which the AEFP preventcd electoral malpractices ill Nigeria's 2015 general elections. It also assesses together. given the security tension in the country, the ratio of actual voter turnout to registered voter speaks of peace in the electoral process. The research 1I1ethodology adopted is an empirical analysis of data from the Afrobaro171eter Round 6 survey assessing Nigeria11s' perceptions of their electoral environment and of the level of preparedness of the Independent Electoral Commission (INEC). INEC's officially released presidential election result is also critically interrogated. The relative deprivation theory is used to analyze the causes of security challenges. The conclusion is premised 011 the grounds that there were general improvements in the 2015 general elections and recommendations were posited to the Election Management Body (EMB), the government and the genera! masses
Nigerian Foreign Policy: a Fourth Republic Diplomatic Escapade
(Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities & Social Sciences, 2016) Ejalonibu, Lawala Ebenezer; Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
Foreign policy is unpredictable and has no specific domestic or international boundary. The scope is not static; issues in foreign policy are continuous. Therefore, no government consciously design her foreign policy outlook, the focus of any foreign policy would depend heavily on events in and around the nation and Nigeria is not an exception. The concept of Africa as the centre-piece of Nigerian’s foreign policy has emerged as the most consistent theme that runs through her foreign policies in all the various regimes. Foreign policy of Nigeria could be called a three concentric circle, this concentric circle clearly puts Nigeria’s interest first, West African Sub-region second and then the rest of Africa. It is very crucial to note that between 1960 and 1990, eighteen civil wars in Africa resulted in about 7 million deaths and spawned 5 million refugees. Nigeria cannot ignore Africa’s problems rather she must maintain the principle of Afrocentrism. This is so because; one out of every five Africans is a Nigerian. This paper therefore seeks to critically analyze the core issues in Nigerian foreign policy and challenges facing Nigerian foreign policy in the fourth republic, some recommendations will also be suggested.
NIGERIA’S 2015 ELECTIONS: Permanent voter’s cards, smart card readers and security challenges
(Journal of African Elections, 2018) Aremu, Fatai Ayinde; Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
Voting time in any democracy always involves rigorous politicking. The electioneering exercise in developed democracies tends to have less tension in the polity than in many developing democracies which do witness some hitches, mainly in issues of procedure and security. However, these problems reduce with every subsequent election. Nigeria’s 2015 general elections were no exception to such improvements as there were innovations in the Anti Electoral Fraud Procedures (AEFP). The research in this work questions the extent to which the AEFP prevented electoral malpractices in Nigeria’s 2015 general elections. It also assesses whether, given the security tension in the country, the ratio of actual voter turnout to registered voter speaks of peace in the electoral process. The research methodology adopted is an empirical analysis of data from the Afrobarometer Round 6 survey assessing Nigerians’ perceptions of their electoral environment and of the level of preparedness of the Independent Electoral Commission (INEC). INEC’s officially released presidential election result is also critically interrogated. The relative deprivation theory is used to analyse the causes of security challenges. The conclusion is premised on the grounds that there were general improvements in the 2015 general elections and recommendations were posited to the Election Management Body (EMB), the government and the general masses.
Nigeria’s Soft Power and Economic Diplomacy in Africa
(Journal of African Foreign Affairs (JoAFA), 2018-08) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu; Ogunnubi, Olusola
The world is more fragile than it used to be as recently as three decades ago. With many countries developing sophisticated weaponry to counter possible external threats, states’ capacity to match each other’s military strength has been greatly enhanced with some going so far as to undermine the code of conduct in international peace politics. However, the descent of the multipolar world order has raised the credibility of soft power as a preferred alternative to hard power politics. This entails the use of economic diplomacy, negotiations, dialogue and persuasions instead of military capabilities. This study raises the need to revert from the traditional hard power display in global politics to a soft power approach. Nigeria in the West African sub-region is a major player in Africa and to a lesser extent in the world. It possesses a range of soft power potential and competences to negotiate with any player in Africa and globally through the plank of soft diplomacy. This study examines the articulation of Nigeria’s soft power in the arena of economic diplomacy and probes how the state marshals its economic engagement (especially in Africa) in the present multi-polar order. The authors further consider the extent to which economic diplomacy satisfies the foreign policy objectives of Nigeria and meets the demands of the Nigerian populace. Using descriptive analysis, the methodology utilizes data from Afrobarometer time series (2002-2014) on how satisfied Nigerians are in the handling of its economy. The realist theoretical framework is utilized to buttress power interplay in international politics and the imperative for soft power utilization by Nigeria and for the success of peaceful politics among nations of the world.
Ori Oke and National Development in Nigeria: A Geo-Political Analysis
(African Books Collective, 2018) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
Ori-Oke, Prayer Mountains in Nigeria, are a rational phenomenon. They are a form of physical asset, spiritual arsenal, sacred geography and geopolitical utility which have benefited Nigeria. Several mountains for contestation of space exist in the nooks and crannies of Nigeria. These have been utilised for all kind of activities, ranging from economic to social, political and religious activities. The summation of the utilisation of this contestation of space, to a large extent, has brought about development. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to conceptualise the importance of Ori-Oke in Nigeria from geo-political stand point. Ethnographic research design was employed to obtain and analyse data. The paper, therefore, recommends to the government of all the tier levels and the Ori-Oke attendees, to optimally explore the geo-political benefits of the natural facilities. The paper concludes that, as man is a part of spiritual being, he needs spiritual things to survive and explore.
political Culture of Violence in Developing Democracies
(Studies ill Politics and Society,, 2019-07) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
'\'iolence inhibits gron·th,. development and democratic sustenance of any ~oulltry /1l The II '0 rId. Viol~nce has Its culture with definite .structures through IVhi~h If ~perates . different ell/lies. TIlls structure enables II 10 continually manifest In such ~~JI//liliniTY. The political structure of violence is referred 10 as a 'virus genome' ill Ihis paper. The genollle is a compound camp/ex structure. This genome in all cOJl//ll/(/1ities of/Oil'S violence to strive amidst of all political, social, economic and institutio/lal measures. Hall' can the political culture and structure of violence be broken? Qualitative research method is used to obtain data. Relative deprivation theory is applied in explaining the root cause of violence in the society. This paper revealed that political culture of violence in developing democracies and developed alike has its origin which is traceable to bad governance and the deprivation of the people of their C0l111110n good. In order to break the political culture and structure of violence, good governance and prompt policy actions are inevitable
Political Economy of Crony Capitalism: The Prospect and the Bane
(Journal of Economics Library, 2015-09) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
The world over, capitalism had encroach the economy of nations turning governments against the people, employers against the workers all in the name of surplus values and profiteering motives. Although capitalism had made economies of nations to boom without much stress due to the fluid faces of its operations, nevertheless, it has more havocs than good. The review of most government policies has shifted to accommodate the growing bane of cronies of capitalism. This research shows the tactics employed by bourgeoisies in colliding with the government. What are the implications of these profiteering motives on the economy? The methodology adopted is the survey analysis of institutional data base. The theoretical framework of deprivation theory coupled with Marxian theory were used to x-tray the prospect and the bane of crony capitalism in the economy of polities
Political Economy of Crony Inequality Among Nations: A Study on Capitalism and Socialism
(2016-08-02) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
All over the world, the economy system of states revolve around capitalism, socialism and mixed economy. In most cases, capitalism had embalmed the economy of nations turning governments against the people, employers against the workers all in the name of surplus values and profiteering motives. Although capitalism had made economies of nations to grow but it is at the expense of the masses interest. The review of most government policies reveals a shift to accommodate inequalities in the economy systems. This research reveals the level of inequality in economic system of nations. What are the impacts of these profiteering motives on the economy? The methodology adopted is the survey analysis of institutional database of economy records of different regions in the world. The theoretical frameworks of deprivation theory coupled with Marxian theory were used to analyse the political economy of crony inequality of capitalism and socialism among nations. The conclusion is based on the level of positive impact the economy system has despite the inequality it creates in the polity.
Political Economy of Crony Inequality among Nations: A Study on Capitalism and Socialism
(Journal of Community Development Research (Humanities and Social Sciences), 2016-08-02) Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
All over the world, the economy system of states revolve around capitalism, socialism and mixed economy. In most cases, capitalism had embalmed the economy of nations turning governments against the people, employers against the workers all in the name of surplus values and profiteering motives. Although capitalism had made economies of nations to grow but it is at the expense of the masses interest. The review of most government policies reveals a shift to accommodate inequalities in the economy systems. This research reveals the level of inequality in economic system of nations. What are the impacts of these profiteering motives on the economy? The methodology adopted is the survey analysis of institutional database of economy records of different regions in the world. The theoretical frameworks of deprivation theory coupled with Marxian theory were used to analyse the political economy of crony inequality of capitalism and socialism among nations. The conclusion is based on the level of positive impact the economy system has despite the inequality it creates in the polity.
Political Settlement Analysis of the Blight of Internally Displaced Persons in the Muslim World: Lessons from Nigeria
(Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 2018) Oyeele, Samuel Olanrewaju; Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
The Nigerian economy has just technically exited recession. This harsh economic condition is no doubt of great concern to the government and people of the country in view of its attendant pains. Economic and financial experts and professionals are expected to find solution to this national challenge. This paper however argues that, in addition to seeking economic solution to this problem, the nation’s public service in its position as the main machinery of government for the formulation and implementation of public policies should be recognised as a critical factor in exiting the country out of recession. This can be done by continuous training and re-training of public servants in order to increase their competence, morale and productivity towards speedy recovery of the country’s economy. The paper adopted the qualitative method of analysis using mainly secondary source of data.
Poverty and Environmental Safety in Nigeria: A Sustainable Development Perspective
(ADMINISTRATIO, 2020) Ajadi, Abdulrasaq Ishola; Abdulkareem, Abdulrazaq Kayode; Bello, Mohammed Lawan; Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
The level of safety in a country is a yardstick for it potential growth and sustainable development. If the environment is not safe, there will be no viable economic activity going on and thus the level of poverty and inequality in such environment will be high. Amidst of the unsafe environment, there is usually some group of people benefiting from such political economy scenario. Such group will therefore wish to continue to benefit from such environment at the expense of the larger society thereby creating deeper poverty gaps. The question this paper seeks answer is; to what extent is Nigeria’s environment safe for sustainable development to take place as a recipe for developing countries? The relative deprivation theory is used to establish the fact that deprivation of the people in an environment leads to inequality and poverty. This deprivation hinders rapid socioeconomic and political activities to take place by creating an unsafe political economy environment which as well affects sustainable development. Data from Afrobarometer database on Nigeria were examined, analysed and interpreted. The paper concludes that making the environment more secure for economic activities reduces poverty and inequality. The study recommends that an equitable distribution of income should be enforced first to the immediate environment whose land was usurp and then to the other federating units also.
Public Service, Performance Enhancement and the Challenge of Economic Recession in Nigeria
(Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 2018) Oyedele, Samuel Olanrewaju; Aluko, Opeyemi Idowu
The Nigerian economy has just technically exited recession. This harsh economic condition is no doubt of great concern to the government and people of the country in view of its attendant pains. Economic and financial experts and professionals are expected to find solution to this national challenge. This paper however argues that, in addition to seeking economic solution to this problem, the nation’s public service in its position as the main machinery of government for the formulation and implementation of public policies should be recognised as a critical factor in exiting the country out of recession. This can be done by continuous training and re-training of public servants in order to increase their competence, morale and productivity towards speedy recovery of the country’s economy. The paper adopted the qualitative method of analysis using mainly secondary source of data.

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