Department of Medical Laboratory Science

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    Assessment of the toxicity and biochemical effects of detergent processed cassava on renal function of Wistar rats
    (ScienceDirect, 2020) Oghobase, G.E; Aladesanmi, O.T; Akomolafe, R.O.; Akano, O.P.; Olukiran, O.S; Eimunjeze, M.H
    Fufu is a major component of food in West Africa. Local cassava farmers use detergent to ferment cassava root tuber during processing into fufu. Studies have established the hazardous health effects of detergent in humans. This study was carried out to determine the median lethal toxicity of detergent-processed cassava, and assessed its effects on the renal function of male Wistar rats. Fufu with different concentrations of detergent (250, 500 and 750 g/l) were given as food twice daily to the rats for the acute toxicity study. The sub-chronic test lasted for four weeks, during which the fufu samples prepared with 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g/l of detergent, were separately given to five groups of five rats, respectively. The results of the acute toxicity test showed increase in mortality with corresponding increase in detergent concentration. Plasma and urine creatinine and urea concentrations of all the detergent-treated rats were significantly higher than that of the negative and positive controls. Urinalysis showed significant presence of glucose and ketone bodies, as well as, blood and protein. Renal photomicrographs showed deranged cortical structure with diffuse loss of tubules, inflammatory cells infiltrate in the interstitium. The study concluded that detergent-processed cassava has adverse effects on the structure and function of the kidneys of rats.
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    Effects of Ethanol Extract of Secamone afzelii (Schult) K. Schum (Asclepiadceae) Leaves on Aluminum Chloride-induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
    (JKIMSU, 2021-06) Taiwo, O.O.; Ayoka, O.A.; Akano, O.P.; Adeoye, A.D.; Odukoya, S.O.A
    Background: The local use of medicinal plants in the management of reproductive abnormalities is a common practice in Africa. One prominent plant used in Nigeria for such purpose is Secamone afzelii. Aim and Objectives: To investigate the effects of Ethanol Extract of Secamone afzelii (EESA) on reproductive dysfunction induced by Aluminum Chloride (AlCl ) in 3 male rats. Material and Methods: Thirty matured male Wistar rats equally divided into six groups were used for this study. Group I served as control, group II received AlCl (35 mg/kg bw), groups III and IV 3 received 35 mg/kg bw and 100 and 200 mg/kg EESA respectively. Groups V and VI received 100 and 200 mg/kg EEESA respectively. Doses were given once daily via oral route for 14 consecutive days. Results: The results revealed that, AlCl caused significant 3 decrease in final body weight, sex organs relative weight, sperm concentration, motility and viability, serum follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone concentration and Glutathione (GSH) activity, accompanied with significant increase in sperm abnormalities. AlCl also induced apparent 3 alteration in the histoarchitecture of the testis and epididymis. Treatment with EESA modulated the harmful effects of AlCl . This was proved by 3 improvement in the gross anatomical, hormonal and antioxidant activity of treated rats. There was a noticeable improvement in the histopathology of testicular and epididymal tissues. EESA significantly increased serum testosterone in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion: EESA is a possible ameliorative agent in AlCl -induced reproductive toxicity and 3 oxidative stress in male rat.
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    Effects of Ethanol Extract of Stachytarpheta angustifolia (Mill.) Vahl Leaf on Lead Acetate- induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Wistar Rats
    (European International Journal of Science and Technology, 2019) Akinsomisoye, O.S.; Owolabi, O.R.; Akano, O.P.; Akintayo, C.O.; Ariyo, O.M.
    This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of Stachytarpheta angustifolia (Mill.) Vahl leaf (EESA) on reproductive toxicity induced by lead acetate in malerats. Thirty sexually matured male Wistar rats were divided into 6 equal groups. Group I received 1 ml/kg distilled water, group II, 15 mg/kg lead acetate intraperitoneally; groups III and IV, 15 mg/kg lead acetate intraperitoneally, together with 500 and 1000 mg/kg of EESA orally respectively; groups V and VI, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of EESA orally respectively for 14 days. The results showed that lead acetate induced significant decrease in final body weight, sex organs relative weight, sperm concentration, motility and viability, serum testosterone concentration and glutathione (GSH) activity, with significant increase in sperm abnormalities. Moreover, lead acetate induced apparent alterations in the histological structure of the testis and epididymis. Treatment with EESA ameliorated the harmful effects of lead acetate, this was also proved histopathologically by the noticeable improvement in the histology of testis and epididymis. It may be concluded that EESA may be promising as a natural therapeutic agent in lead acetate-induced reproductive toxicity and oxidative stress in the male rat testes.
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    Effects of Methanol Extract of Senna Podocarpa leaf on the Reproductive Parameters of Male Wistar Rats Following lead Acetate Toxicity
    (Reproductive System and Sexual Disorders: Current Research, 2020) Akinsomisoye, O.S; Akomolafe, R.O.; Abatan, J.A.; Akano, O.P.; Odukoya, S.O.A; Akintayo, C.O
    Background: Lead and its compounds have been implicated to be reprotoxic by inducing testicular damage and causing hormonal imbalance. Senna podocarpa has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound healing potentials. This study investigated the effects of the methanol extract of Senna podocarpa leaf (MESP) on the reproductive activities of male Wistar rats following the induction of reproductive toxicity using lead acetate. Methods: Thirty male rats with body weights between 170g - 200g (10 - 12 weeks) were used for the study. The rats were divided into 6 equal groups as follows; Group 1 rats received 1 ml/kg of Tween 80 only while group 2 rats received 15 mg/kg lead acetate only. Rats in group 3 received 15 mg/kg lead acetate and 500mg/kg of MESP concurrently while rats in group 4 received 15 mg/kg lead acetate and 1000mg/kg of MESP concurrently. Groups 5 and 6 rats received only 500 mg/kg and1000 mg/kg of MESP respectively. Lead acetate was administered intraperitoneally while MESP and Tween 80 were administered orally. All treatments were for 14 days. Results: It was observed from the results that administration of lead acetate for 14 days induced male reproductive toxicity which was evidenced by testicular and epididymal degeneration, significant decrease in sperm parameters, reproductive hormone and antioxidant level. However, concomitant administration of MESP especially at 1000 mg/kg ameliorated the toxic effect of lead acetate as shown by improved testicular and epididymal histology as well as increased sperm parameters. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that MESP may be used as herbal remedy in cases of reproductive toxicity caused by lead acetate.

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